The Caucasus Mountains have not been spared from climatic changes. Over the last decade, glaciologists have noted a widespread reduction in the area of glaciers. Even the appearance of Elbrus, Russia's highest peak, has changed significantly. In a conversation with RuNews24.ru climatologist Arseny Yurganov noted that the melting of Elbrus glaciers is associated with global climate change. In case of unfavorable developments, the Caucasus will lose 85 percent of its glaciers by the end of the century. Only a few small ice domes will remain on the high mountains.
Rising air temperatures and increased precipitation lead to active melting of glaciers. This process is also affected by anthropogenic factors such as deforestation and pollution.
There are more than 2,000 glaciers in the North Caucasus, making it the largest glaciation center in Russia and Eurasia. However, scientists note the gradual degradation of glaciers. This applies to Elbrus, on whose slopes there are 23 glaciers, which have lost 23% of their ice cap in 20 years.
According to the expert, the melting of the Elbrus glaciers may lead to a number of negative consequences for Russia. For example, an increase in the flow of rivers, which may cause flooding and erosion of riverbanks. In addition, the melting of glaciers will reduce fresh water reserves, which may negatively affect water supply to settlements and agriculture. And, of course, melting glaciers can make climbing Elbrus more dangerous and difficult, which will reduce the popularity of this destination among tourists and mountaineers.
“The melting of the Elbrus glaciers is a serious problem that requires attention from the state and the international community. Over the last 100 years, the glaciers of the Caucasus have lost about 40% of their area. I am convinced that the rapid melting of glaciers will have a significant impact on life in the Caucasus region,” summarizes the interlocutor of the publication.