Scientists attribute this effect to the fact that ibuprofen belongs to a class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that inhibit the activity of the enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX). COX-2 is responsible for inflammatory processes in the body, and chronic inflammation has long been considered a factor in the development of cancer.
According to The Conversation, the study was conducted as part of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) project. Experts analyzed data from more than 42,000 women aged 55–74 years over 12 years of follow-up. It was found that those taking at least 30 ibuprofen tablets per month had a 25% lower risk of developing endometrial cancer than those taking fewer than four tablets. The effect was particularly pronounced in women with cardiovascular disease.
Aspirin, however, did not show a similar protective effect, but in other studies, it reduced the risk of recurrence of colorectal cancer.
Ibuprofen may also have a protective effect against colorectal, breast, lung, and prostate cancer. For example, in patients with previous colorectal cancer who regularly took ibuprofen, the risk of recurrence was reduced. Studies show that the drug can slow the growth of tumor cells, making them more sensitive to chemotherapy.
Furthermore, ibuprofen can influence the activity of genes associated with cancer cell growth and resistance, such as HIF-1α, NFκB, and STAT3.
The researchers emphasized that self-medication is unacceptable. Long-term use of ibuprofen in high doses can lead to stomach ulcers, internal bleeding, and kidney and heart damage. This drug interacts with anticoagulants and antidepressants, increasing side effects.
It has previously been reported that individuals with depression due to childhood trauma have elevated levels of the SGK1 protein.